print - shell built-in function to output characters to the screen
or window
print [-Rnprsu [n]] [arg]...
print [-Renprs] [-f format] [-u fd] [string...]
The shell output mechanism. When no options are specified, or when
an option followed by ' a − is specified, or when just
- is specified, the arguments are printed on standard output as
described by echo(1).
By default, print writes each string operand to standard
output and appends a NEWLINE character.
Unless, the -r, -R, or -f option is
specified, each \ character in each string operand is processed
specially as follows:
\a
Alert character.
\b
Backspace character.
\c
Terminate output without appending NEWLINE. The remaining
string operands are ignored.
\E
Escape character (ASCII octal 033).
\f
FORM FEED character.
\n
NEWLINE character.
\t
Tab character.
\v
Vertical tab character.
\\
Backslash character.
\0x
The 8-bit character whose ASCII code is the
1-, 2-, or 3-digit octal number x.
The following options are supported by ksh:
-n
Suppresses new-line from being added to the
output.
-r-R
Raw mode. Ignore the escape conventions of echo.
The -R option prints all subsequent arguments and options other than
-n.
-p
Cause the arguments to be written onto the pipe of the
process spawned with |& instead of standard output.
-s
Cause the arguments to be written onto the history file
instead of standard output.
-u [ n ]
Specify a one digit file descriptor unit number n
on which the output is placed. The default is 1.
The following options are supported by ksh93:
-e
Unless
-f is specified, process
\ sequences
in each string operand as described above. This is the default behavior.
If both -e and -r are specified, the last one
specified is the one that is used.
-f format
Write the string arguments using the format string
format and do not append a NEWLINE. See
printf(1) for details on
how to specify format.
When the -f option is specified and there are more string
operands than format specifiers, the format string is reprocessed from the
beginning. If there are fewer string operands than format specifiers, then
outputting ends at the first unneeded format specifier.
-n
Do not append a NEWLINE character to the output.
-p
Write to the current co-process instead of standard
output.
-r
-R
Do not process
\ sequences in each string operand
as described above.
If both -e and -r are specified, the last one
specified is the one that is used.
-s
Write the output as an entry in the shell history file
instead of standard output.
-u fd
Write to file descriptor number fd instead of
standard output. The default value is 1.
The following exit values are returned:
0
Successful completion.
>0
Output file is not open for writing.